Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

The mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they are primarily responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy currency of the cell. Within the mitochondria, processes such as cellular respiration occur, where glucose and oxygen are converted into energy, carbon dioxide, and water. This production of ATP is crucial for powering various cellular activities, including muscle contraction, cell division, and biosynthesis.

Mitochondria have their own DNA and are unique organelles that can reproduce independently of the cell. Their role in energy production makes them vital for overall cell function and survival, explaining why they are often described as the powerhouse of the cell. This characteristic distinguishes them from other organelles that serve different functions, such as protein synthesis or genetic material storage.