Which of the following correctly describes osmosis?

Osmosis is specifically described as the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane. This process occurs when water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, aiming to achieve equilibrium on both sides of the membrane. The semi-permeable nature of the membrane allows only water to pass while restricting solute particles, which is crucial in biological systems for maintaining proper cell function and homeostasis.

Understanding this concept is fundamental, as it highlights the role of osmotic pressure in various biological processes, such as how plant roots absorb water from the soil or how animal cells maintain their shape and size in different fluid environments.