What are the tiny structures in cells that perform specific functions called?

The tiny structures within cells that perform specific functions are called organelles. Each organelle has a unique role that contributes to the overall functioning and survival of the cell. For example, mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell because they produce energy through respiration. Similarly, the endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids, while the Golgi apparatus helps in modifying and packaging these materials for transport. The organized nature of organelles allows cells to efficiently carry out necessary processes, making them essential components of all living organisms.

In contrast, cells are the basic unit of life and a larger structural entity, while organisms refer to entire living beings made up of one or more cells. Systems represent a collection of related organs working together in more complex multicellular organisms. Hence, the focus on tiny structures with specific tasks aligns with the definition of organelles.