Define "cell differentiation."

Cell differentiation is the biological process through which a less specialized cell develops into a more specialized cell type, with distinct structures and functions. This process is crucial during the development of multicellular organisms, where cells need to perform specific roles depending on their location and purpose within the body. For example, stem cells, which are initially undifferentiated, can differentiate into various cell types such as muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells, each tailored for its unique functions.

Differentiation involves changes in gene expression, leading to the production of specific proteins and the development of specialized structures that enable the cell to carry out its designated activities effectively. This is essential for the formation of tissues and organs, allowing an organism to grow, repair itself, and maintain homeostasis.